DISORDERS OF BILE DUCT MOTILITY: GENERAL OVERVIEW, CLASSIFICATION, EARLY DIAGNOSIS, EXAMINATION METHODS, AND TREATMENT STRATEGIES

Abstract

Biliary dyskinesia is a functional disorder of the biliary tract that disrupts the normal motility of the gallbladder and the sphincter of Oddi, leading to improper bile secretion into the duodenum. This condition presents with various symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, and intolerance to fatty foods. Biliary dyskinesia is classified into hyperkinetic and hypokinetic types, with varying causes ranging from functional disturbances to underlying structural conditions. The disorder is particularly common in women and can lead to significant complications such as cholecystitis or gallstone formation if not properly diagnosed and treated. Early diagnosis through clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and imaging is crucial, and management typically involves dietary modifications, pharmacotherapy, and in some cases, surgical intervention. The article provides a comprehensive overview of biliary dyskinesia, emphasizing the importance of early detection and individualized treatment strategies for optimal patient outcomes.